EXERCISE 3 Assume that City A and City B are located on the same meridian in the Northern hemisphere and that the earth is a sphere of radius 4000 mi. The reason for this is that so many formulas become much easier to write and to understand when radians are used to measure angles. When converting radians back to degrees (deg = 180. To run all PyGeodesy tests, type python setup. Take the decimal part of the minutes and multiply by 60, round to the nearest integer. Function Description. The following is the simple equation to convert Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds into Decimal Degrees. Precalculus REVIEW — Angles and Their Measures Name Per Sketch each angle in standard position. 29577951 degrees/radian. When looking at maps and surveys, you'll sometimes find degrees given in decimal degrees (121. Enter a numeric value appropriate for the designation you want to calculate and convert. About DMS to Decimal Degrees. 5 times the radius of the circle – if the length of an intercepted arc is 2. 8 radians per minute C. • Converting angles to Degree-Minute-Second (DMS) system. For example, pi over 3 radians would be equal to 60 degrees. Each row in the output specifies one angle, with the format [Degrees Minutes Seconds]. How to insert these locations in excel and convert them later to decimal degrees?. There are several ways to measure the size of an angle. 5 Degrees to Radians, gradians, slope percent and Degree-Minutes-Seconds. For example, the Excel expression used to convert 270° to radians would be RADIANS(270) which equals 4. Switching between Radians and Degrees TI Nspire CX Hi, I know how to switch between radians and degrees on my TI NSpire, but it is quite a process to go into the menu settings and change it when I just need to be in radians for a few calculations. For the DD value 30. A Brief History of U. A simple example using this equation is to convert 60 degrees into radians. To convert degrees to fractions, it is essential to know that each minute is expressed as 1/60 of a degree, while each second is expressed as1/60 of a minute, or 1/3600 of a degree. Python number method degrees() converts angle x from radians to degrees. 28318, radians in a circle. If the measurement is 2 radians, remember that it does not include pi, and multiply 2 by 180 divided by pi to get 114. convert degrees to radians convert degrees to radians practice fahrenheit-degrees six degrees of separation death by degrees decimal degrees degrees conversion fake degrees degrees photography fahrenheit degrees university degrees online degrees minutes seconds chemical engineering degrees rotate pdf 90 degrees convert sidereal time degrees. 29577951 to Obtain Degrees. It is important to know how to convert these in both directions. G rads (G RA D is shown at the top of the display). Converting Between Decimal Degrees and Hours, Minutes, Seconds Posted on October 15, 2012 by Joe Filippazzo Here's a quick Python snippet I wrote to convert right ascension in decimal degrees to hours, minutes, seconds and declination to (+/-)degrees, minutes, seconds. 1 Radian and Degree Measure Continued Review:. 30 degrees to radians = 0. There are 2? radians and 360 degrees in a circle. For example, pi over 3 radians would be equal to 60 degrees. The script uses Haversine formula, which results in in approximations less than 1%. Radians And Arc Length 1. N and E give positive angles; S and W give negative angles. Take a look: Converting from Decimal degrees to Degrees Minutes Seconds tenths. You can enter numbers in this compact scientific calculator either by clicking on the buttons or using the keyboard (to use a numeric keypad Num Lock should be on). 50 in decimal degrees as a possible entry value. At what speed is a bicyclist traveling when his 27 inch-diameter tires are rotating at an angular speed of radians per second? 8. 9=4, PERIOD Write each decimal degree measure in DMS form and each DMS measure in decimal degree form to the nearest thousandth. Since the values you are currently using are in radians, you no longer have to multiply the constant by. unless (angtos (+ ang1 ang2) 1 4) ;where ang1 ang2 must be numbers (radians) If reference means argument? from library but maybe not you want due to the result is "Text" (string). Degrees (°), minutes ('), seconds (") to decimal degrees angle converter and back. Enter the radian measurement in parentheses, especially if it is expressed as a fraction or is in terms of π. The Excel ATAN function calculates the arctangent (i. e) How many minutes is 1 gradian? f) Convert 25 gradians to degrees:. Degrees & Radians Conversion Practice Date_____ Convert each degree measure into radians. Therefore, we get: 60 o = 60(/180) rad = /3 rad. DMS Key Tap the degree key three times to use the dms function. 7) ° ° ' " 8) ° ' ". Once you have degrees, minutes, and seconds, it's often easier to find your location on most maps (especially topographic maps). Best Answer: A circle is 360 degrees or 2pi radians To convert, you need to transform minutes and seconds into decimals i. 017453292519943 is equal to 0. Yeah, the degrees / minutes / seconds system was devised a few centuries ago as part of sea navigation, and well before decimal systems became well established. Convert —4080 16' 20" to decimal form. About DMS to Decimal Degrees. Title: Microsoft Word - Degree Conversion to Deg/Min/Sec. It's a trivial task, if you know how to do it. The length of a circular arc with an angle of one radian is equal to the radius of the arc. Un cercle entier fait 360 degrés, mais aussi 2π radians (lire 2 « pi » radians, soit 2 × 3,14 = 6,28 rad. Thus 2 radians equals 360 degrees. I have the locations of many points as degrees, minutes, seconds (Handwritten). From them we get the division of time, latitude & longitude and angles in multiples of 60. 2413;//degrees, minutes and I have been asking. How to Convert from Radians to Degrees. Angles work similar to the way our time system works. It has three active controls that operate independently in performing different actions of the calculator. Cut it into 7 sectors. ddd…, while in hexagesimal the same angle is represented as D. MINUTE TO RADIAN (' TO rad) FORMULA. Conversion between radian, degree, minute, seconds, grad, point, full circle. Converts radians to degrees, minutes and seconds. 9=4, PERIOD Write each decimal degree measure in DMS form and each DMS measure in decimal degree form to the nearest thousandth. To convert degrees to radians, take the number of degrees to be converted and multiply it by π/180. 3 times the radius, then the central angle is 2. Because of this the radian is a fixed size no matter what the size of the circle is. For now we will focus on understanding degrees, minutes and seconds. When a central angle intercepts an arc that has the same length as a radius of the circle, the measure of this angle is defined to be one radian. Degrees, Minutes, Seconds to Degrees Converter is a conversion calculator that is used to convert the degrees, minutes and seconds to decimal degrees. Recognize that the degrees amount in the DMS number is the exact degrees amount in decimal degrees. Multiply Radians by 57. TI-83+ and TI-84 Degrees-Minutes-Seconds and Radians Where to find the necessary symbols: In MODE, choose between Radian and Degree. Pacify the power: GPS harness for large-area electrical grid. 2513 radians/minute b) Linear speed describes the distance covered by a point on the circumference path of the rotating item. to convert from slope ratio to slope degrees you will use Arctan. MMSSss, where D is the integer pat of the degree measure, ddd… is the fractional part of the degree measure, MM. To practice on your calculator if your slope was 63% you would punch “0. It's based on an MS Exmaple for VBA. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Radians measures the span of an angle in terms of the unit circle, where a full revolution involves an angle of 2. You'd have to convert the initial result from radians to degree decimal and then to DMS. DMS Decimal Degrees 12. Convert 60Â° to radians. There are 0. RADIANS: 2π radians is the angle measure of a circle COTERMINAL ANGLES: Angles that have same location in a circle. The answers returned are decimal degrees, the degrees based on the factors of minutes and seconds, and also in radians. 62/87,21 To convert a degree measure to radians, multiply by ± 62/87,21 To convert a degree measure to radians, multiply by 62/87,21 To convert a radian measure to degrees, multiply by 62/87,21 To convert a radian measure to degrees, multiply by. Learn how to calculate radian to degree. Conversion between radian, degree, minute, seconds, grad, point, full circle. The dms key is used to convert radians into degrees, minutes, and seconds. Overwrite the default numbers in the blue boxes below with the latitude or longitude of your location. Because we have written the coordinate as a number, we just have to multiply the cell by 24 (24 hours in a day). Here's the basic equation: Decimal Degrees = Degrees + minutes/60 + seconds/3600. The following example uses latitude and longitude values that are expressed in radians to compute the geodetic distance between two locations. Converting Degrees/Minutes/Seconds to Decimal Degrees. The degrees must be expressed as decimal numbers, and not in a minutes-seconds format. 이번에는 각도의 단위인 degree를 라디안 단위로 변환하는 방법을 알아보도록 하겠다. 2513 radians/minute b) Linear speed describes the distance covered by a point on the circumference path of the rotating item. The formula returns 10°27'36" Converting Degrees/Minutes/Seconds to Decimal Degrees The following Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications custom function accepts a text string of degrees, minutes and seconds formatted in the exact same format that the Convert_Degree function returns (for example, 10° 27' 36") and converts it to an angle formatted as a decimal value. If you look in most calculators, these three trigonometric functions can be used in two angle modes, degrees and radians. In mathematics and physics, the radian is a unit of angle measure. 78650 to DMS Arc Len th 13. Enter angle in degrees,minutes,seconds and press the Convert button:. ( 1 rotation = 360° ) One minute, denoted by 1', is 1/60 of a degree (1° = 60' ). 5 radian to degree/minute/second? Trigonometry Graphing Trigonometric Functions Radian Measure. The following is the simple equation to convert degrees, minutes, and seconds into decimal degrees: DD = (Seconds/3600) + (Minutes/60) + Degrees. Being able to convert from radians to minutes is beneficial because radians are commonly used in trigonometric functions, but most people are more familiar with. The length of a shadow of a tree is 130 feet when the angle of elevation to the sun is θ. The following example uses latitude and longitude values that are expressed in radians to compute the geodetic distance between two locations. The symbol for radian is rad. How to convert DMS to decimal with Excel. Click here to jump to the two degrees, minutes, seconds calculators near the bottom of this page. 29577951 to Obtain Degrees. Degrees Minutes Seconds in programming and program entry ‎02-22-2018 12:10 PM Note, the DMS template in the template key (on the C button) does have a DMS template there for you which can help out in the meantime. Converting between Radians and Degrees π radians = 180 degrees to radians, multiply by 180 (usually leave in terms of ). 0174532 radians. 831785 Thank you!. For the demonstration you will need 7 meters (in my example I use Fluke handheld multimeters, but any type will work as long as they are all the same size). In this article, we explain the arc length formula in detail and provide you with a step-by-step instruction of how to find the arc length. zipfrom PyPIor GitHub, unzipthe downloaded file, cdto directory Pygeodesy-yy. If an angle is expressed without the degree symbol (), then the angle is in radians. 925 radians. Wikipedia has some great intuition with their infographics on how one Radian is defined relative to degrees:. Angle conversion is a free online calculator for converting units of angle. Touch convert to [DEG] Convert to Decimal. I am working on a Telecom project wherein the telephone cables are showin in a projection system in a ARC VIew software. The editing tools use decimal degrees as their default units of angular measure. The input matrices d, m and s must be of equal size. Is there a key sequence that converts decimal degrees (DD) to degrees minutes seconds (DMS)? Going from DMS to DD is just entering the angle using the degree minute second symbols and pressing the enter key. You are appreciated!. initial side terminal side radius of circle is r r r arc length is also r r This angle. To convert degrees to radians, multiply by , since a full circle is or radians. All latitude and longitude data must be converted into radians. 3) Relationships between degrees and radians Converting from degrees to radians Converting from radians to degrees. Hello, I have searched and been unsuccessful finding a formula that converts D °M'S" to Decimal Degrees. Somehow I got it to display in radians when doing trigonometry functio. 34907 radians. Example: πradians to degrees Press [SHIFT] [π] [SHIFT] [DRG] and press [2] for Radians [=] 180 To convert Degrees to Radians, put the calculator in Radian mode. Enter either: decimal latitudes/longitudes with minus sign for South and West; degrees minutes seconds in a format like E 32 14 9 (32°14'9" East. Meaning, if you start. Revolutions: a full rotation of a circle. A decimal degree value can be converted to radians in several ways in Excel and for this process, a simple function is used that is also included in the code presented later. TRIGONOMETRY. c) Find the angular speed of the larger wheel in radians per second. In this worksheet, students revise conversion of angles given in decimal format to angles in degrees, minutes. when you call Math. GPS Coordinates Converter. 125 degrees. Periodically, and without warning, the angle type in units will unexpectedly change from decimal degrees to radians. They may have chosen this system because numbers like 30 & 60 can be evenly dvided by many numbers. ) In Exercises 1 and 2, find the circumference of the circle with the given radius r. Answer (1 of 3): Degrees and their fractions are usually represented in so-called degrees, minutes and seconds, such as 25º 30 minutes 27 seconds, for instance. The following Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications custom function accepts a text string of degrees, minutes and seconds formatted in the exact same format that the Convert_Degree function returns (for example, 10° 27' 36") and converts it to an angle formatted as a decimal value. Radian Measure Radians, Degrees and the Unit Circle Everything you need to know for converting between Degrees and Radian Measure, memorizing and evaluating the Unit Circle, and understanding Arc Length, Area of a Sector and Angular and Linear Velocity. Learn how to calculate radian to degree. Free numbers and angles can be displayed as sliders in the Graphics View (see Slider Tool). (You convert to degrees, minutes, and seconds with DMS in 2nd ANGLE 4: DMS) Task 2. Conversion between Degrees-minutes and decimal angles are also included. s' measure to decimal degrees (dd), and then convert that to. The formula to find radians is θ = s/r, where the angle in radians θ is equal to the arc length s divided by the radius r. To convert degrees to radians, divide by 180° and multiply by ∏. The functions available in the TI-84 Plus calculator's Angle menu enable you to convert between decimal degrees and DMS (degrees, minutes, and seconds). A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc is a unit of angular measurement equal to 1 / 60 of one degree. Degrees, Minutes, Seconds to Decimal Degrees calculator and vice-versa. 3° — nearly 60 degrees, in round numbers. To convert decimal form to degrees/minutes/seconds, take the decimal part of the coordinate and multiply by 60 to get the minutes. Converting between Radians and Degrees π radians = 180 degrees to radians, multiply by 180 (usually leave in terms of ). Occasionally we get asked how to convert shaft alignment angularity values expressed as mils (thousandths) per inch to degrees. Decimal Degrees And Radians Converter Calculator. Take a look: Converting from Decimal degrees to Degrees Minutes Seconds tenths. About DMS to Decimal Degrees. Access ANGLE above APPS. The dms key is used to convert radians into degrees, minutes, and seconds. 70d 7m 30s = 70 + (7(60) +30))/3600 = 70. After (C) Chris Veness 2011-2015 published under the same MIT Licence**, see Latitude/Longitude and Vector-based geodesy. radians | radians to degrees | radians | radians to degrees formula | radians safety | radians inc | radians gloves | radians calculator | radians to degrees ca. Let's think about the relationship between degrees and radians, and to do that, let me just draw a little circle here. 5235987756, which is pi/6. Converting special angles between degrees and exact radians. I can convert degrees to radians and DMS to Decimal Degree, and draw angles in standard fortr Ex. An angle may be classified as acute, obtuse, right, reflex, straight and full angle. Precalculus REVIEW — Angles and Their Measures Name Per Sketch each angle in standard position. The formula to find radians is θ = s/r, where the angle in radians θ is equal to the arc length s divided by the radius r. I've used the DMS - DD formula ‘DD = (Seconds/3600) + (Minutes/60) + Degrees' to convert the DMS values to DD. When I use Add XY Coordinates (Data Management) it gives me the coordinates in Feet form. Thats it! This reference angle calculator found the acute version of your angle as well as the quadrant in which your initial angle lies. The radian is an SI derived unit of angle, commonly used in maths and engineering. List the reference angle of the radian angle. Detailed Description. Measurements used for representing the size of an angle include radians, degrees, minutes and seconds. Degrees to Radians Formula. If we end up with the same number, then 5 radians and $$5\pi \text{ radians }$$ are the same. Say you want to convert from radians to degrees. Each of radians and degrees has its place. Degree to Radian Measure The measure of an angle is determined by the amount of rotation from the initial side to the terminal side. \ sometimes, it takes 45 seconds to calc the whole sheet, other times, it takes 5 minutes. The TI-30X Pro is a model of scientific calculator produced by Texas Instruments. Angle conversion is a free online calculator for converting units of angle. So, 1 degree times 0. Angular measurements are commonly expressed in units of degrees, minutes, and seconds (DMS). Warning: The procedure below is for ArcGIS 9. Converting Radians to Degrees. Format: signed degrees - period - minutes (2 digits) - integer seconds (2 digits) - fraction of seconds (any precision). From them we get the division of time, latitude & longitude and angles in multiples of 60. Convert —4080 16' 20" to decimal form. How to convert angle between degrees and radians in Excel? When you need to convert data between two angle units, such as degrees and radians, degrees and minutes, or degrees and seconds, are there any tricks for you to convert unit between them? Here I will introduce some quick tricks for you. 2 Degrees and Radians Geometry Trigonometry ray ray vertex vertex intalsde terminal side Angles in Standard Position The measure of an angle equals the amount of rotation required to move from the initial side to the terminal side Positive angle = counter clockwise Negative angle = clockwise 1 degree = 1/360 rotation 90 degrees = 1/4 rotation. Following the value, access the Math menu (press) and select "2: r" from the angle sub-menu (press ), then enter the conversion function "DD" or "DMS". Get Started. Arc Length — The arc length s, along the edge of a circle of radius (length) r, and subtended by a central angle θ, is given by the formula: s = r θ (θ in radians) Fundamental Formula Exercises: Distance Along the Edge of a Circle ; Measure of a Central Angle. Enter the radian measurement in parentheses, especially if it is expressed as a fraction or is in terms of π. For example, follow these steps to convert 30° to radians: a. Stack Exchange network consists of 175 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Angle Subtraction Calculator. MINUTE TO RADIAN (' TO rad) FORMULA. For the DD value 30. Multiply by the appropriate constant to convert ***Decimal*** degrees to radians or radians to ***decimal*** degrees. 125° in DMS form. A Brief History of U. Then multiply the amount of Minute you want to convert to Radian, use the chart below to guide you. The following is a list of definitions relating to conversions between radians and degrees. Therefore, we get: 60 o = 60(/180) rad = /3 rad. 11548, but I just thought it would look better and be easier to read if it had the degrees, minutes, and seconds symbols after the numbers. It’s actually quite simple, and the best way to explain is with a demonstration. Les degrés et les radians sont deux unités de mesure des angles. One full rotation around a circle is 2π radians, which is equal to 360°. TI-86 Degrees-Minutes-Seconds and Radians Important symbols and where to find them: DMS can be found in MATH-ANGLE. Radians to degrees minutes seconds from the online calculator collection at Planetcalc. 7) ° ° ' " 8) ° ' ". radius is 14 inches central angle 6 is 1800 Find the radius. Identify that 37°15`08" is an angle in DMS. South latitudes points are expressed in negative values, while east longitudes are positive values. It is the SI derived unit of angle. 11548, but I just thought it would look better and be easier to read if it had the degrees, minutes, and seconds symbols after the numbers. You can also use the DEGREES function in VBA. The conversion must be handled differently if the degrees value is negative. There are 2pi, approximately 6. This special constant is called Degree in Mathematica. 0174532 radians. Python Degrees to Radians Hey everyone, I'm very new to Python and Google just can't seem to help me write some code that will convert degrees to radians (trigonometry). Then check your answers using a calculator. ) A ferris wheel with a radius of 15 in has 3 revolutions per second. Convert coordinates from DMS to decimal. The coral is very sharp due to strong spines on the septa. how to insert degrees, minutes, seconds into cell It isn't a big deal if I were to enter the number as 351724. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. Radians = Degrees x ( Pi / 180) Example: With a an angle of 53 degrees, the radians of that angle would be: Radians = 53 x ( 3. 180° is equivalent to p radians. When looking at maps and surveys, you'll sometimes find degrees given in decimal degrees (121. 01745 radians in a degree. 17453 radians. Degrees into radians. 1416 ) Calculated out this gives an angle of 60. Decimal degrees (DD) express latitude and longitude geographic coordinates as decimal fractions and are used in many geographic information systems (GIS), web mapping applications such as OpenStreetMap, and GPS devices. 831785 Thank you!. Conversion between radian, degree, minute, seconds, grad, point, full circle. For example, to convert 120 degrees you would have 120 x π/180 = 120π/180. Utility for normalizing a numeric range, with a wrapping function useful for polar coordinates. For the DD value 30. Degrees and radians Angles can be measured in units of either degrees or radians. Both the use of degrees and radians are measurements of angles. I would have never imagined that I would have to go back to high school concepts and do strange trigonometric calculations. How to convert values from Degrees Minutes Seconds to Decimal Degrees. \ sometimes, it takes 45 seconds to calc the whole sheet, other times, it takes 5 minutes. Because there are 360° in a circle, and we now know that there are also 2π radians in a circle, then 2π = 360°. Therefore, the angular mea-sure of a circle is 2p radians. Round to the nearest second. DMS INDUSTRIEL SIÈGE SOCIAL, 1345 Grande-Allée, Terrebonne, QC, Canada, J6W 4E1; Call us now: 450-471-5095 Email: [email protected] PI/(180*3600)) / 1 = 0. Converting between Radians and Degrees π radians = 180 degrees to radians, multiply by 180 (usually leave in terms of ). How do you convert radians to degrees? To convert, use this radians to degrees formula: Degrees = Radians x ( 180 / Pi ) Example: With a an angle of 1. to convert from slope ratio to slope degrees you will use Arctan. In calculus, sin −1 x, tan −1 x, and cos −1 x are the most important inverse trigonometric functions. Convert all coordinates into radians. Python number method radians() converts angle x from degrees to radians. What is the linear speed of a point on its rim in feet per minute? Degrees, Minutes, Seconds and Decimal Degrees Latitude. 1 or earlier versions. 017453292519943. Converting between Deg/Min/Sec and Decimal in One Step Stephen P. Motivation to implement this as a type system comes from this question. To convert the angle unit of geographical coordinates Latitude-longitude (degree, minute seconds (dms), grad, radians), just use the angle units converter. The code above is valid in Python 2. A circle contains 360 degrees, which is the equivalent of 2 Angle Converter Online angle units converter. Since mils per inch is the rise over run that means that the conversion to an angle is the arctangent. A simple example using this equation is to convert 60 degrees into radians. 1 degrees to radians = 0. -73 14' 35" Write each degree measure in radians as a multiple of and each radian measure in degrees. Averages/Mean angle You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Longitude is the angle between that point and the equator, while latitude is the angle between that point and a line that runs pole-to-pole through Greenwich, England. GPS tells you where you are in Decimal Degrees (DD), with positive degrees being north latitude or east longitude, and negative degrees being south latitude or west longitude. 1 Angles and their measures -Convert from degrees to radians and vice versa -Find arc length -Solve problem with angular speed DMS DMS stands for Degree-Minutes-Seconds, and is a type of degree measurement where: Converstions from DMS to degrees and vice versa DMS to Degree Degree to DMS Your turn. Conversion between radian, degree, minute, seconds, grad, point, full circle. b) 2 radians c) 3 rads d) 4 rad e) 5 rad f) 6 rad. Then just change the format of the cell range D3:E7 to General. The Excel ATAN function calculates the arctangent (i. This will return the calculator to the following settings: Calculation mode COMP Angle unit Deg. I've used the DMS - DD formula ‘DD = (Seconds/3600) + (Minutes/60) + Degrees' to convert the DMS values to DD. 20 degrees to radians = 0. Is there any difference between 5 radians and $$5\pi \text{ radians }$$?. 0, expressions in the Calculator are created using only VBScript or a standard Python format. 11548, but I just thought it would look better and be easier to read if it had the degrees, minutes, and seconds symbols after the numbers. radians(x) Note − This function is not accessible directly, so we need to import math module and then we need to call this function using math static object. Introduction into degrees and radians and converting between them; Show Step-by-step Solutions. 3 out of 5 stars 198. Being able to convert from radians to minutes is beneficial because radians are commonly used in trigonometric functions, but most people are more familiar with. I have the locations of many points as degrees, minutes, seconds (Handwritten). ) A ferris wheel with a radius of 15 in has 3 revolutions per second. They borrowed from the familiar system that says there are 60 minutes in an hour, and 60 seconds in a minute, to make it easy to remember I think. If the calculator doesn't show up when you enter in an equation: Make sure your equation is something that can be computed. Write reference angle 2. - [Instructor] We're asked to convert 150 degrees and negative 45 degrees to radians. Useful, free online tool that converts an angle in radians to degrees. One way is to use units of degrees. Convert each degree measure into radians and each radian measure into degrees. Because we have written the coordinate as a number, we just have to multiply the cell by 24 (24 hours in a day). When looking at maps and surveys, you'll sometimes find degrees given in decimal degrees (121. \ sometimes, it takes 45 seconds to calc the whole sheet, other times, it takes 5 minutes. 831785 Thank you!. Back Trigonometry Realms Mathematics Contents Index Home. arc length is 36 feet central angle 9 is 32B. HOW? then to convert back to degrees, use the dms button. 180° is equivalent to p radians. 017453292519943 is equal to 0. The fact-checkers, whose work is more and more important for those who prefer facts over lies, police the line between fact and falsehood on a day-to-day basis, and do a great job. Today, my small contribution is to pass along a very good overview that reflects on one of Trump’s favorite overarching falsehoods. Namely: Trump describes an America in which everything was going down the tubes under  Obama, which is why we needed Trump to make America great again. And he claims that this project has come to fruition, with America setting records for prosperity under his leadership and guidance. “Obama bad; Trump good” is pretty much his analysis in all areas and measurement of U.S. activity, especially economically. Even if this were true, it would reflect poorly on Trump’s character, but it has the added problem of being false, a big lie made up of many small ones. Personally, I don’t assume that all economic measurements directly reflect the leadership of whoever occupies the Oval Office, nor am I smart enough to figure out what causes what in the economy. But the idea that presidents get the credit or the blame for the economy during their tenure is a political fact of life. Trump, in his adorable, immodest mendacity, not only claims credit for everything good that happens in the economy, but tells people, literally and specifically, that they have to vote for him even if they hate him, because without his guidance, their 401(k) accounts “will go down the tubes.” That would be offensive even if it were true, but it is utterly false. The stock market has been on a 10-year run of steady gains that began in 2009, the year Barack Obama was inaugurated. But why would anyone care about that? It’s only an unarguable, stubborn fact. Still, speaking of facts, there are so many measurements and indicators of how the economy is doing, that those not committed to an honest investigation can find evidence for whatever they want to believe. Trump and his most committed followers want to believe that everything was terrible under Barack Obama and great under Trump. That’s baloney. Anyone who believes that believes something false. And a series of charts and graphs published Monday in the Washington Post and explained by Economics Correspondent Heather Long provides the data that tells the tale. The details are complicated. Click through to the link above and you’ll learn much. But the overview is pretty simply this: The U.S. economy had a major meltdown in the last year of the George W. Bush presidency. Again, I’m not smart enough to know how much of this was Bush’s “fault.” But he had been in office for six years when the trouble started. So, if it’s ever reasonable to hold a president accountable for the performance of the economy, the timeline is bad for Bush. GDP growth went negative. Job growth fell sharply and then went negative. Median household income shrank. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped by more than 5,000 points! U.S. manufacturing output plunged, as did average home values, as did average hourly wages, as did measures of consumer confidence and most other indicators of economic health. (Backup for that is contained in the Post piece I linked to above.) Barack Obama inherited that mess of falling numbers, which continued during his first year in office, 2009, as he put in place policies designed to turn it around. By 2010, Obama’s second year, pretty much all of the negative numbers had turned positive. By the time Obama was up for reelection in 2012, all of them were headed in the right direction, which is certainly among the reasons voters gave him a second term by a solid (not landslide) margin. Basically, all of those good numbers continued throughout the second Obama term. The U.S. GDP, probably the single best measure of how the economy is doing, grew by 2.9 percent in 2015, which was Obama’s seventh year in office and was the best GDP growth number since before the crash of the late Bush years. GDP growth slowed to 1.6 percent in 2016, which may have been among the indicators that supported Trump’s campaign-year argument that everything was going to hell and only he could fix it. During the first year of Trump, GDP growth grew to 2.4 percent, which is decent but not great and anyway, a reasonable person would acknowledge that — to the degree that economic performance is to the credit or blame of the president — the performance in the first year of a new president is a mixture of the old and new policies. In Trump’s second year, 2018, the GDP grew 2.9 percent, equaling Obama’s best year, and so far in 2019, the growth rate has fallen to 2.1 percent, a mediocre number and a decline for which Trump presumably accepts no responsibility and blames either Nancy Pelosi, Ilhan Omar or, if he can swing it, Barack Obama. I suppose it’s natural for a president to want to take credit for everything good that happens on his (or someday her) watch, but not the blame for anything bad. Trump is more blatant about this than most. If we judge by his bad but remarkably steady approval ratings (today, according to the average maintained by 538.com, it’s 41.9 approval/ 53.7 disapproval) the pretty-good economy is not winning him new supporters, nor is his constant exaggeration of his accomplishments costing him many old ones). I already offered it above, but the full Washington Post workup of these numbers, and commentary/explanation by economics correspondent Heather Long, are here. On a related matter, if you care about what used to be called fiscal conservatism, which is the belief that federal debt and deficit matter, here’s a New York Times analysis, based on Congressional Budget Office data, suggesting that the annual budget deficit (that’s the amount the government borrows every year reflecting that amount by which federal spending exceeds revenues) which fell steadily during the Obama years, from a peak of $1.4 trillion at the beginning of the Obama administration, to$585 billion in 2016 (Obama’s last year in office), will be back up to $960 billion this fiscal year, and back over$1 trillion in 2020. (Here’s the New York Times piece detailing those numbers.) Trump is currently floating various tax cuts for the rich and the poor that will presumably worsen those projections, if passed. As the Times piece reported: